Inside neuron is -60-70 mV, with respect to outside
About 1/20th typical AAA battery
Like charges repel, opposites attract, so
Positively charged particles pulled in
Negatively charged particles pushed out
Where does the resting potential come from?
Ions
Ion channels
Separation between charges
A balance of forces
We are the champIONs, my friend
Potassium, K+
Sodium, Na+
Chloride, Cl-
Organic anions, A-
Party On
Annie (A-) was having a party.
Used to date Nate (Na+), but now sees Karl (K+)
Hired bouncers called
"The Channels"
Let Karl and friends in or out, keep Nate out
Annie's friends (A-) and Karl's (K+) mostly inside
Nate and friends (Na+) mostly outside
Claudia (Cl-) tagging along
Party On
Next time
Neural communication
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Bhardwaj, Ratan D., Maurice A. Curtis, Kirsty L. Spalding, Bruce A. Buchholz, David Fink, Thomas Björk-Eriksson, Claes Nordborg, et al. 2006. “Neocortical Neurogenesis in Humans Is Restricted to Development.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 103 (33): 12564–8. doi:[10.1073/pnas.0605177103](https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0605177103).
Chung, Won-Suk, Christina A. Welsh, Ben A. Barres, and Beth Stevens. 2015. “Do Glia Drive Synaptic and Cognitive Impairment in Disease?” Nature Neuroscience 18 (11): 1539–45. doi:[10.1038/nn.4142](https://doi.org/10.1038/nn.4142).
Zhan, Yang, Rosa C. Paolicelli, Francesco Sforazzini, Laetitia Weinhard, Giulia Bolasco, Francesca Pagani, Alexei L. Vyssotski, et al. 2014. “Deficient Neuron-Microglia Signaling Results in Impaired Functional Brain Connectivity and Social Behavior.” Nature Neuroscience 17 (3): 400–406. doi:[10.1038/nn.3641](https://doi.org/10.1038/nn.3641).